Assessment of seasonal variations in the air quality index (2019–2022) in Al-Jahra city, Kuwait

Sharifah Alsowaidan, Adeeba Al-Hurban, Ahmad Alsaber, Amal Anbar

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

3 Scopus citations

Abstract

The daily air quality indices (AQIs) for pollutants, including particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5), carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NO2), ozone (O3), and sulfur dioxide (SO2), were evaluated for the period of 2019–2022 in Al-Jahra City, Kuwait. This study is designed to (1) evaluate overall and seasonal changes in pollutants, (2) investigate the correlation for PM10 and PM2.5 and other pollutants during each season, and (3) examine the best model for prediction of air pollutant concentration of PM10 and PM2.5. An assessment of air quality indices was carried out by using different algorithms models, including random forest (RF), an artificial neural network (ANN), and extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost). The overall level of PM10, PM2.5, and SO2 pollutants shows an increasing trend from 2019 to 2022, reaching their highest in 2022 with a significant decrease in 2020 during COVID-19 lockdown restrictions. The pollutants CO and O3 reached their peak in 2021.The obtained results showed that the PM10 and O3 levels are higher in the summer, whereas PM2.5, NO2, and CO were recorded at the highest levels during spring, autumn, and winter respectively due to a variation in the meteorologic condition. Furthermore, during the winter season, the PM10 is positively correlated with CO (rp = 0.401), NO2 (rp = 0.121), and SO2 (rp = 0.119) AQIs while PM2.5 is significantly positively correlated with the CO (rp = 0.198), O3 (rp = 0.310), and SO2 (rp = 0.129) AQIs. In contrast, the performance of XGBoost is a more reliable predictor for PM10 and PM2.5 levels.

Original languageEnglish
Article number100280
JournalKuwait Journal of Science
Volume51
Issue number4
DOIs
StatePublished - Oct 2024

Keywords

  • ANN
  • Air quality index
  • Particulate matter
  • Pollutants
  • Random forest
  • XGBoost

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